Web Site of the Department 

Head of Program : Balkız Başaran

Associate Department Heads: Ümit Atlamaz, Ömer Faruk Demirok

Professors : Balkız Başaran, Sumru A. Özsoy †, Eser E. Taylan †

Associate Professor : Didar Akar, Mine Nakipoğlu Demiralp, Elena Guerzoni

Assistant Professors : Ümit Atlamaz, Ömer Faruk Demirok, Stefano Celestino Canalis, Kadir Gökgöz, Metin Bağrıaçık.

Instructors :İlhan Aydemir*, Ekaterine Zaseshvili Akçın*, İsmail Avcı*, Gunda Ankvab*, Feride Korkmaz*

Assistants : Onur Keleş, Metehan Eryılmaz, Ömer Faruk Tabak, Mehmet Can Dadan

† Professor Emeritus

* Part Time
 

The Department of Linguistics offers a four-year program leading to a degree in Bachelor of Arts, a two-year program leading to a degree in Master of Arts, and a four-year program leading to a PhD in Linguistics.

The BA Program in Linguistics offers the tools for understanding the structure of natural languages and explores the foundations of linguistic theory. To this end, the first year of the program introduces the student to the basic conceptual notions of general linguistics, followed up in the second year by core courses in theoretical linguistics which form the basis of linguistic analysis. The third and fourth year courses reflect the diversity in linguistics, laying the groundwork for the various sub-fields. The program focuses both on the formation of critical thinking and on the methodology required to elicit linguistic data, and to analyze them thereby preparing the student to model natural languages. This will enable the student to pursue his or her interests in a wide range of areas such as the linguistic description of a particular language, the internal structure of grammar, structural characteristics of impaired language, language use in different contexts and the acquisition of first and second languages.

The undergraduate curriculum is a well-balanced program in the spirit of the liberal arts tradition of the university. The requirements for the completion of the program are 130/134 credits with a total of 17/19 linguistics courses covering a wide range of areas in linguistics. The remaining courses are taken from other departments, giving the students the opportunity to broaden their interests. Exposure to a language other than English and native language is also part of the curriculum.

Established

2014

ISCED Code

2

Educational goals and objectives

Students are expected to   (1) develop awareness of the workings of natural languages and their function in society as well as their sociopolitical and historical aspects  (2) acquire knowledge of linguistic phenomena and achieve a basic understanding of linguistic theorizing and hypothesis testing  (3) attain research skills in analyzing linguistic data and relating linguistic structures to their functions in the language    (4) achieve familiarity with the technologies used in linguistic data collection and analytics as well as language modeling  

Admission and special requirements

Boğaziçi University accepts Turkish nationals with a high school diploma or equivalent through the central entrance examination conducted by the Student Selection and Placement Center (ÖSYM).  International students are required to have a high school diploma or equivalent  and submit SAT and TOEFL/IELTS/BUEPT scores. For further details, refer to http://intl.boun.edu.tr/?q=required-documents-undergraduate-application. 

Acknowledgement of previous learning

ARTICLE 14 - (1) The credits of the courses taken by students at a higher education institution are transferred with the decision of the relevant board of directors and can be counted as a substitute for the obligations in the registered undergraduate program.

(2) The following rules are applied for course substitution:

a) The transfer of course credits with a grade of at least CC can be made by the relevant board of directors on the condition that they have been completed in a previous institution but are not counted towards a diploma degree, and students have been exmatriculated from that institution. 

b) The maximum period for the completion of course substitution is determined by the relevant regulations and directives, provided that it does not exceed the beginning of the registration period of the semester following the semester in which the student is placed in the undergraduate program.

c) The transfer of the course credits taken by the students participating in the exchange programs in other higher education institutions is made with the decision of the relevant board of directors until the end of the add-drop period of the semester following the semester they return from the exchange program.

d) Courses taken at the Boğaziçi University are transferred with grades and credits.

e) Courses taken at another higher education institution are transferred with a grade of P for credit. In case the content of a course is the same as the content of a course offered at Boğaziçi University but the credits are different, the courses that are decided to be equivalent by the relevant department, based on theoretical, practical and laboratory hours, are given the credit of the course considered equivalent with the approval of the relevant board of directors.

Graduation requirements

The requirements for the completion of the program are 130/134 credits with a total of 17/19 linguistics courses covering a wide range of areas in linguistics.  In order for a student to graduate from the program he/she is enrolled in and be entitled to receive a diploma;

a) Except for the summer semester, the student must spend the last semester registered at the University.

b) All the courses taken (credit or non-credit) must be completed with at least the letter grades DD or P.

c) The student must complete the amount of credit determined by the department with the courses taken at the University, provided that it is not less than half of the program graduation credit. However, in special cases, the University Administrative Board is authorized to take decisions.

ç) The Cumulative Grade Point Average must be at least 2,00.

For further details, see Boğaziçi University Undergraduate Education Regulations 

Program learning outcomes

1. Students will learn that human language is a complex system with cognitive, biological and socio-cultural dimensions
2. Students will learn how to analyze the structural features of human natural languages within the domains of phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics and to solve problems and comprehend their cognitive reflections  
3. Students will learn the types of texts that language creates within the tenets of social context and learn how to examine and criticize the functions of these texts within the domains of pragmatics and discourse studies
4. Students will gain knowledge of experimental methods used in linguistic analysis, related software and ethical rules to be followed in research practices. They will attain the ability to apply theoretical models to experimental linguistic data, and share their quantitative and qualitative findings through publication or presentation
5. Students will gain the technical knowledge and interpersonal communication skills necessary to collect linguistic data from native speakers, working individually or as part of a team, following the ethical rules of fieldwork. Students will learn to analyze the acquired data, to form theoretical hypotheses based on these data and to test them  
6. Students will develop an intellectual and critical perspective in reading, understanding and examining scientific and intellectual publications that are necessary both in academic life and lifelong learning
7. Students will learn to apply the knowledge gained at the theoretical level to novel linguistic data and acquire the skills in analytical and critical academic writing, developing individual or joint projects, and presenting their work
8. By attaining knowledge about the sub-fields of linguistics such as natural language processing, neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and historical linguistics, students will be able to explore the interdisciplinary dimensions of linguistics and develop the ability to make interdisciplinary connections as well as critical evaluation skills
9. By gaining awareness of concepts such as language interaction, language change, multilingualism, individual and regional language differences, and language death, students will acquire the skills needed in linguistic research and education and develop real-life projects that can support the protection of endangered languages and linguistic diversity
10. Students will acquire the essential academic knowledge and skills to conduct postgraduate research in linguistics or an interdisciplinary field that interfaces with linguistics

TYYÇ Ulusal Yeterlikler

TYYÇ Alan Yeterlikleri

UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM IN LINGUISTICS

First Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 101	Introduction to Language and Linguistics I	3	7
PSY 101	Introduction to Psychology	3	5
PHIL 101	Introduction to Philosophy	3	8
HIST 105 / HUM 101	Making of the Modern World I / Cultural Encounters I/	3/4	5/6
AE 111/2xx	Advanced English*	3	3
		15/16	28/29

Second Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 102	Introduction to Language  and Linguistics II	3	7
LING 104	Phonetics	3	6
ENGL 105	Introduction to Literary Forms I	3	6
HIST 106/ HUM 102	Making of the Modern World II / Cultural Encounters II	3/4	5/6
AE 112/2XX	Advanced English*	3	4
		15/16	28/29

Third Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 201	Phonology	3	6
LING 203	Syntax	3	6
PHIL 131	Logic	4	8
-- --	Mathematics/ Science Elective**	3/4	5/6
-- --	Foreign Language****	3	5
TK 221	Turkish	2	3
		18/19	33/34

Fourth Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 202	Morphology	3	6
LING 206	Language Typology	3	6
-- --	Unrestricted Elective	3	5
-- --	Mathematics/ Science Elective**	3/4	5/6
-- --	Foreign Language****	3	5
TK 222	Turkish	2	3
		17/18	30/31

Fifth Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 313	Phonology and Morphology of Modern Turkish	3	7
LING --	Departmental Elective	3	6
LING --	Departmental Elective	3	6
-- --	Unrestricted Elective	3	5
-- --	Foreign Language****	3	5
HTR 311	History of the Turkish Republic	2	3
		17	32

Sixth Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 314	Syntax and Semantics of Modern Turkish	3	7
LING --	Departmental Elective	3	6
LING --	Departmental Elective	3	6
-- --	Unrestricted Elective	3	5
-- --	Foreign Language****	3	5
HTR 312	History of the Turkish Republic	2	3
		17	32

Seventh Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 411	Linguistic Methodology	4	8
LING --	Departmental Elective	3	6
LING/COMP	Departmental/ Complementary Elective***	3	5/6
COMP	Comp. Elective	3	5
-- --	Unrestricted Elective	3	5
		16	29/30

Eighth Semester		Cr.	ECTS
LING 412	Research and Writing	4	8
LING --	Departmental Elective	3	6
LING/COMP	Departmental/ Complementary Elective***	3	5/6
COMP	Comp. Elective	3	5
-- --	Unrestricted Elective	3	5
		16	29/30

Total: 131/135 credits 241/247 ECTS.

* Students whose Proficiency Exam scores are C are required to take AE 111 and AE 112. Students whose Proficiency Exam scores are B and above are required to take AE 200-level or above.

** Science Electives should be selected from BIO, CHEM, PHYS, SCI courses.

*** Complementary Electives should be selected from among FLED, PHIL, POLS, PSY, SOC, TKL, TR courses.

**** Foreign language requirement should be selected from among any of the language courses being offered at Bogazici University.

 

Course List Pertaining to LING or Related Codes 

A. LING Courses to be offered by the Department of Linguistics

LING 101 Introduction to Language and Linguistics I

LING 102 Introduction to Language and Linguistics II

LING 104 Phonetics

LING 201 Phonology

LING 202 Morphology

LING 203 Syntax

LING 206 Language Typology

LING 305 Semantics

LING 307 Discourse Structure

LING 308 Prosody

LING 309 Formal Pragmatics

LING 313 Phonology and Morphology of Modern Turkish

LING 314 Syntax and Semantics of Modern Turkish

LING 320 Advanced Phonology

LING 324 Historical Linguistics

LING 325 Language Contact

LING 330 Advanced Morphology

LING 334 Linguistic Theory and Language Acquisition

LING 340 Advanced Syntax

LING 341 Sociolinguistics

LING 342 Discourse as Social Interaction

LING 350 Structure of Turkish Sign Language

LING 360 Computational Methods in Linguistics

LING 406 Language and Identity

LING 408 Language and Gender

LING 409 Field Methods

LING 411 Linguistic Methodology

LING 412 Research and Writing

LING 413 Comparative Analysis of Turkic Languages

LING 414 Sign Language Linguistics

LING 416 Brain and Language

LING 450 Advanced Semantics

LING 470 Advanced Studies in Turkish Linguistics

LING 480–499 Special Topics in Linguistics

 

B. Language Courses

(i) Turkish Sign Language

TID 101-102 Elementary Turkish Sign Language I and II

TID 201-202 Intermediate Turkish Sign Language I and II

TID 301-302 Advanced Turkish Sign Language I and II

(ii) Caucasian Languages

CAU 101-102 Elementary Laz I and II

CAU 111-112 Elementary Kabartay I and II

CAU 121-122 Elementary Abkhaz I and II

CAU 201-202 Intermediate Laz I and II

CAU 211-212 Intermediate Kabartay I and II

CAU 221-222 Intermediate Abkhaz I and II

CAU 301-302 Advanced Laz I and II

CAU 311-312 Advanced Kabartay I and II

CAU 321-322 Advanced Abkhaz I and II

 

COURSE DESCRIPTIONS
 

LING 101 Introduction to Language and Linguistics I (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 7
(Dile ve Dilbilime Giriş)
An introductory course to the study of language focusing on the properties of natural languages and aiming to familiarize the student with linguistic terminology and the concepts underlying these terms.

LING 102 Introduction to Language and Linguistics II (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 7
(Dile ve Dilbilime Giriş II)
Extension of basic linguistic concepts both in depth and breadth. Practical application to data from a variety of languages with the aim of improving the student's ability to do linguistic analysis.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 104 Phonetics (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Sesbilgisi)
Introduction to articulatory and acoustic phonetics. Investigation of the physiological properties of our speech apparatus. Discussion of the physical properties of sound waves and their component parts that figure in linguistic description. Training in reliable identification, transcription and production of sounds in various languages.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 201 Phonology (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Sesbilim)
Study of the sound systems of natural languages. Discussion of the fundamental notions and issues of phonological analysis. Working with data from different languages on phonemic analysis, setting up underlying representations, and stating phonological rules/processes. Introduction to new theoretical concepts and their implications in analysis.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 202 Morphology (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Biçimbilim)
Analysis of the structure of words and introduction to their modeling. Description of the components of a word: roots, stems, affixes, clitics, tone, stress. Analysis of word types, derivation, declension, and conjugation systems seen in typologically distinct languages. Practical application of the methodology to data in various languages.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 203 Syntax (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Sözdizim)
Introduction to syntactic theory. Presentation of the basic concepts and tools of syntactic analysis. Discussion of issues such as phrase structure, predicate-argument structure, thematic roles, case, principles, coindexation, scope dependencies, anaphoric dependencies, the interpretation of syntactic gaps, features that determine word order.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 206 Language Typology (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Dil Tipolojisi)
Introduction to the major language families of the world and to the study of language classification according to structural properties. Examination of the diversity and similarity among languages in terms of their syntactic, morphological and phonological characteristics. Comparison of the distribution of structural patterns within genetically related and unrelated languages.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 305 Semantics (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Anlambilim)
Study of fundamental elements of semantic theory: compositionality, predication, truth-conditions, quantification, lexical semantics. Discussion of semantic concepts, such as reference, definiteness, negation, modality. Analysis of morphological, phonological and syntactic expressions of these concepts in various languages. Investigation of some issues of pragmatics such as presupposition, entailment, and implicatures.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 307 Discourse Structure (3+0+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Söylem Yapısı)
Analysis of the organization and structure of discourse in both written and spoken texts; focus on grammatical components of discourse including sentence structure, information structure, and intonation. Study of text structure from the perspective of cohesion and coherence, rhetoric and genre features.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 308 Prosody (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Bürün)
Introduction to the basic concepts of prosody. Constructs in the prosodic hierarchy and tools of prosodic analysis. Comparison of data from various languages.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 309 Formal Pragmatics (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Biçimsel Edimbilim)
The interaction between contextual factors and linguistic meaning in the interpretation of utterances. Analysis of systematic empirical phenomena such as anaphora resoluion, indexicality, presupposition, implicature and focus.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 313 Phonology and Morphology of Modern Turkish (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 7
(Çağdaş Türkçe’nin Sesbilimi ve Biçim Yapısı)
Analysis of the sound system and word structure of contemporary Turkish. Investigation of the phonological inventory, phonological processes such as vowel harmony/disharmony, (de)voicing, epenthesis, assimilation and stress assignment. Analysis of the internal structure of words and compounds and the types of lexical categories in the language. Practical application to data.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 314 Syntax and Semantics of Modern Turkish (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 7
(Çağdaş Türkçe’nin Sözdizimi ve Anlam Yapısı)
Analysis of the basic structure of sentences and their meaning in contemporary Turkish. Description of functional sentence types: statements, questions, exclamations, orders, wishes. Analysis of the components of a sentence and the relations between them in terms of predicate-argument structure, grammatical functions, thematic roles and pragmatic prominence. Description of subordination and its types.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 320 Advanced Phonology (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Sesbilimde Konular)
Introduction to current debates and research in phonology. Developments of the last 30 years and how they have changed our view of phonology. Discussion of non-linear models of phonology. In-depth discussion of central notions of those theories and their justification, as well as of the technical machinery associated with them. Comparison of various non-linear models of phonology.
Prerequisite: LING 201 or consent of the instructor.

LING 324 Historical Linguistics (3+0+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Tarihsel Dilbilim)
Introduction to diachronic linguistics. Focus on types of language change, methods of linguistic reconstruction of extinct languages, the notion of language family/genetic relation, models of language change, internal and external factors in language change, interaction of synchronic variation and diachronic change.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 325 Language Contact (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Dil Değinimi)
Multilingualism in societies and the mechanisms of the resultant contact-induced language change. Contact languages such as pidgins, creoles and mixed languages. Language death and endangered languages.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 330 Advanced Morphology (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Biçimbilimde Konular)
General overview of current theories of morphology. Studying the central concepts of morphological analysis and how these are characterised in frameworks such as Prosodic Morphology, Word-and-Paradigm Morphology, Distributed Morphology, Parallel Morphology, Natural Morphology. Comparative analysis of selected morphological data in those models.
Prerequisite: LING 202 or consent of the instructor.

LING 334 Linguistic Theory and Language Acquisition (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Dilbilim Kuramı ve Dil Edinimi)
An overview of the issues in language acquisition and language development within different theories of language acquisition. Investigation of the stages of the acquisition of phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of the language. Discussion of the universal and biological aspects of language acquisition within different theoretical approaches to language acquisition.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 340 Advanced Syntax (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Sözdizimde İleri Konular)
Introduction to the basic concepts of generative syntactic theory. Discussion of the basic constructs and tools of generative syntactic analysis. Comparison of different generative frameworks with respect to their conceptualization of representation. Syntactic analysis of data from various languages.
Prerequisite: LING 203 or consent of the instructor.

LING 341 Sociolinguistics (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Toplumdilbilim)
Study of the ways in which language serves to define and maintain group identity and social relationships among speakers. Discussion of regional and social variation in language, the relationship between language use and variables such as gender, ethnicity, social class and age. Discussion of bilingualism, language contact and language planning.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 342 Discourse as Social Interaction (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Toplumsal Etkileşim Olgusu Olarak Söylem)
Study of discourse as a social, cultural and practical phenomenon. Discussion of the interaction among discourse, context, power, and ideology. Overview of major approaches to discourse analysis such as speech act theory, conversation analysis, ethnography of communication, interactional sociolinguistics and critical discourse analysis.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 350 Structure of Turkish Sign Language (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Türk İşaret Dili’nin Yapısı)
Investigation of the structure of Turkish Sign Language (TID) in the context of sign language linguistics. Focusing on the similarities and differences between sign and spoken languages, in particular, on the comparative issues concerning the visual/spatial modality and the oral/aural modality. Discussion of the differences in the simultaneous expression of layers of meaning in sign languages versus the effect of linearization in spoken languages. Study of grammars of sign languages in terms of the system of distinctive features (phonology), morphology, syntax, and semantics.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 360 Computational Methods in Linguistics (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Dilbilimde Bilgisayarlı Uygulamalar)
Introduction to the basic concepts of computational models of linguistic data. The relationship between theories and empirical findings. Computational models and language.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 406 Language and Identity (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Dil ve Kimlik)
Exploring the use of language in the construction of selves and identities and in the formation of social relationships; different approaches, methodologies, and findings from related fields including sociolinguistics, pragmatics, discourse studies, and cultural studies.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 408 Language and Gender (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Dil ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet)
Exploring connections between language use and gender/sex systems. Introduction to a variety of sociolinguistic concepts such as style, dialect, speech community, conversation analysis and politeness.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 409 Field Methods (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Alan Çalışması)
Instruction and practice in data elicitation through direct work with a native speaker of an unfamiliar language. Sketching a grammar of the language focusing on the phonological, morphological and syntactic properties of the language both through individual and group work with the speaker. Presentation of methodological and ethical aspects of data elicitation, data analysis, data transcribing and linguistic material.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 411 Linguistic Methodology (4+0+0) 4 (ECTS 8)
(Dilbilim Yöntemleri)
Introduction to data collection and evaluation methods of empirical and theoretical research in the field of general linguistics, dialectology, and language variability.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 412 Research and Writing (4+0+0) 4 (ECTS 8)
(Mezuniyet Çalışması)
Guided research and writing on a topic which has been approved as a suitable subject for an undergraduate project.

LING 413 Comparative Analysis of Turkic Languages (3+1+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Türk Dillerinin Karşılaştırmalı Çözümlemesi)
Comparative study of the main linguistic properties of the Turkic language family. Classification of sub-groups of the language family in terms of lexical, phonological, morphological and syntactic characteristics. Investigation of the differences and similarities in sound inventories, vowel harmony, affix ordering, word order, and the lexicon.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 414 Sign Language Linguistics (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(İşaret Dili Dilbilimi)
Introduction to the basic concepts of sign language analysis. Discussion of the structural properties of sign languages in various theoretical frameworks. Comparison of data from various languages.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 416 Brain and Language (3+1+0) 3 ECTS 6
(Beyin ve Dil)
Overview of research pertaining to language and cognition with particular focus on evolutionary bases of language; nature/usage-based accounts of its emergence; brain sites that play a role in first language acquisition.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 450 Advanced Semantics (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Anlambilimde Konular)
Introduction to the basic concepts of truth-conditional compositional semantic analysis. Analyzing natural language meaning with the tools of set theory and first- and higher-order logic. Analysis of quantificational constructions, scope ambiguity and scope rigidity. Discussion of the meanings of tense/aspect markers, quantificational adverbs, and modals.
Prerequisite: LING 305 or consent of the instructor.

LING 470 Advanced Studies in Turkish Linguistics (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Türkçe Dilbiliminde Konular)
Selected readings on Turkish linguistics. Advanced discussion of some linguistic concepts in the context of Turkish. Discussion of a number of constructions in Turkish and the theoretical issues that they have raised.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of the instructor.

LING 480–499 Special Topics in Linguistics (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 6)
(Dilbilimde Seçme Konular)
Study of selected topics in linguistics, focusing on areas not covered in other undergraduate courses.
Prerequisite: LING 101 or consent of instructor

CAU 101 Elementary Laz I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Lazca)
Introduction to the sound system, elementary vocabulary and simple grammatical forms of Laz. Mastery of the Laz alphabet. Development of basic reading, writing, listening and speaking skills.

CAU 102 Elementary Laz II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Lazca II)
Basic knowledge of vocabulary, grammar and syntax of Laz. Equal emphasis on reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. Advancement of basic communicative skills in Laz through activities related to people within the immediate environment and daily situations.
Prerequisites: CAU 101 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 111 Elementary Kabardian I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Kabartayca I)
Introduction to the sound system, basic vocabulary and grammatical structures of Kabardian. Kabardian alphabet. Development of basic reading, writing, listening and speaking skills.

CAU 112 Elementary Kabardian II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Kabartayca II)
Basic knowledge of vocabulary, grammar and syntax of Kabardian. Equal emphasis on reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. Advancement of basic communicative skills in Kabardian through activities related to people within the immediate environment and daily situations.
Prerequisite: CAU 111 or consent of the instructor

CAU 121 Elementary Abkhaz I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Abazaca I)
Introduction to the sound system, basic vocabulary and grammatical structures of Abkhaz. Abkhaz alphabet. Development of basic reading, writing, listening and speaking skills.

CAU 122 Elementary Abkhaz II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Abazaca II)
Basic knowledge of vocabulary, grammar and syntax of Abkhaz. Equal emphasis on reading, writing, speaking and listening skills. Advancement of basic communicative skills in Abkhaz through activities related to people within the immediate environment and daily situations.
Prerequisite: CAU 121 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 201 Intermediate Laz I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta Düzey Lazca)
Detailed analysis of Laz grammar. Further development of oral and written use of the language with emphasis on vocabulary expansion. Focus on the progressive development of basic expressive and receptive skills.
Prerequisite: CAU 102 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 202 Intermediate Laz II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta Düzey Lazca)
Comprehensive overview of grammatical points introduced in CAU 201. Enhancement of reading, writing, listening and speaking skills and the use of complex sentence structure. Readings of selected Laz texts. Development of effective, accurate, and creative communication in Laz.
Prerequisite: CAU 201 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 211 Intermediate Kabardian I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta düzey Kabartayca I)
Detailed analysis of Kabardian grammar. Further development of oral and written use of the language with emphasis on vocabulary expansion. Focus on the progressive development of basic expressive and receptive skills.
Prerequisites: CAU 112 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 212 Intermediate Kabardian II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta Düzey Kabartayca II)
Comprehensive overview of grammatical points introduced in CAU 211. Enhancement of reading, writing, listening and speaking skills and the use of complex sentence structure. Readings of selected Kabardian texts. Development of effective, accurate, and creative communication in Kabardian.
Prerequisite: CAU 211 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 221 Intermediate Abkhaz I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta Düzey Abazaca I)
Detailed analysis of Abkhaz grammar. Further development of oral and written use of the language with emphasis on vocabulary expansion. Focus on the progressive development of basic expressive and receptive skills.
Prerequisite: CAU 122 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 222 Intermediate Abkhaz II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta Düzey Abazaca II)
Comprehensive overview of grammatical points introduced in CAU 221. Enhancement of reading, writing, listening and speaking skills and the use of complex sentence structure. Readings of selected Abkhaz texts. Development of effective, accurate, and creative communication in Abkhaz.
Prerequisite: CAU 221 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 301 Advanced Laz I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Lazca)
Introduction to Laz literature and culture through literary texts and print media. Development of more advanced writing and speakingskills in a variety of discourse genres and reinforcement of complex grammatical structures.
Prerequisites: CAU 202 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 302 Advanced Laz II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Lazca)
Focus on the reading and discussion of selected literary texts in Laz. Further enhancement of writing and speaking skills and expansion of vocabulary through literary texts and print media.
Prerequisite: CAU 301 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 311 Advanced Kabardian I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Kabartayca)
Introduction to Kabardian literature and culture through literary texts and print media. Development of more advanced writing and speaking skills in a variety of discourse genres and reinforcement of complex grammatical structures. Equal emphasis on reading, writing, speaking and listening comprehension skills.
Prerequisite: CAU 212 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 312 Advanced Kabardian II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Kabartayca )
Focus on the reading and discussion of selected literary texts in Kabardian. Further enhancement of writing and speaking skills and expansion of vocabulary through literary texts and print media.
Prerequisite: CAU 311 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 321 Advanced Abkhaz I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Abazaca)
Introduction to Abkhaz literature and culture through literary texts and print media. Development of more advanced writing and speakingskills in a variety of discourse genres and reinforcement of complex grammatical structures.
Prerequisite: CAU 222 or consent of the instructor.

CAU 322 Advanced Abkhaz II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Abazaca)
Focus on the reading and discussion of selected literary texts in Abkhaz. Further enhancement of writing and speaking skills and expansion of vocabulary through literary texts and print media.
Prerequisites: CAU 321 or consent of the instructor.

TID 101 Elementary Turkish Sign Language I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Türk İşaret Dili I)
Introduction to basic syntax and preliminary signs/vocabulary of Turkish Sign Language. Mastery of the manual alphabet. Principles, methods, and techniques of manual communication with equal emphasis on comprehension and production. Development of sign activities as well as receptive and expressive skills in the understanding of basic grammatical structure.

TID 102 Elementary Turkish Sign Language II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Başlangıç Düzeyi Türk İşaret Dili II)
Expansion of signs/vocabulary and structures of Turkish Sign Language. Advancement of basic communicative skills in TID with emphasis on expressive and receptive skills. Development of expressive means of language concepts through activities related to people within the immediate environment and daily situations.
Prerequisite: TID 101 or consent of the instructor.

TID 201 Intermediate Turkish Sign Language I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta Düzey Türk İşaret Dili I)
Spatial verbs; agreement verbs. Tense/aspect. Negation. Classifiers to represent objects and people, topic/comment sentences. Topic/comment format for asking questions. Variety of TID sentence structures to form conversational sentences.
Prerequisite: TID102 or consent of the instructor.

TID 202 Intermediate Turkish Sign Language II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(Orta Düzey Türk İşaret Dili II)
More classifiers. Complex sentence structure; argument clauses, relative clauses. Conditionals. Inquiring about a person. Emphasis on the progressive development of basic expressive and receptive skills. Effective, accurate, and creative communication in TID.
Prerequisite: TID 201 or consent of the instructor.

TID 301 Advanced Turkish Sign Language I (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Türk İşaret Dili I)
Further expansion of the essential and advanced skills of TID, including advanced vocabulary, lexicalized fingerspelling, story-telling, and complex grammatical structures. Emphasis on the more advanced development of expressive, receptive, conversational and presentational skills in a variety of discourse genres. Facial expressions. Topic/comment sentences. Longer sentences.
Prerequisite: TID 202 or consent of the instructor.

TID 302 Advanced Turkish Sign Language II (3+0+0) 3 (ECTS 5)
(İleri Düzey Türk İşaret Dili II)
Communication in TID at the competence level of debating and lecturing with advanced complexity, creative story-telling.
Prerequisite: TID 301 or consent of the instructor.